Vitamin B12 is an important nutrient for individuals after having bariatric surgery. After having bariatric surgery, the stomach produces less intrinsic factor, a protein necessary for the absorption of vitamin B12.

Additionally, the portion of the small intestine responsible for absorbing the vitamin may be bypassed or reduced, further impacting absorption.

Vitamin B12 plays a vital role in the body, including the production of red blood cells, proper nerve function, and DNA synthesis. 

Deficiency in vitamin B12 can result in symptoms such as fatigue, weakness, tingling sensations, and difficulty concentrating. Long-term deficiency may lead to more serious health issues like anemia, nerve damage, and cognitive problems.

Sources of Vitamin B12

Vitamin B12 is primarily found in animal-based food products. This includes beef, poultry, fish, eggs, and dairy products.

However, for individuals who have undergone bariatric surgery, the ability to absorb vitamin B12 from food sources is reduced. This is why supplementation is necessary.

Supplementing Vitamin B12: Pills, Shots, or Sublingual Options

For people that have bad bariatric surgery, supplementation is necessary. There are several options available, including pills, shots, and sublingual (under the tongue).

• Pills: Vitamin B12 supplements in pill form can be taken orally and are readily available in most drugstores or online. 
• Shots: Intramuscular injections of vitamin B12 can be administered by a healthcare professional. This option may be recommended for individuals who have difficulty taking vitamin B12 orally.
• Sublingual Options: Some vitamin B12 supplements are designed to be dissolved under the tongue.

Remember, it is essential to consult with your healthcare professional before starting any supplementation regimen to ensure you are meeting your specific vitamin B12 needs after bariatric surgery.

Common Deficiencies and Health Risks of Vitamin B12

The main cause of vitamin B12 deficiency after bariatric surgery is the reduced ability to absorb vitamin B12.

Patients should be aware of the potential health risks associated with vitamin B12 deficiency. These risks include anemia, neurological disorders, mood changes, and compromised immune function. 

It is essential for bariatric surgery patients to work closely with their healthcare team to develop a post-surgery plan that includes adequate vitamin B12 supplementation. This may involve oral or injectable forms of B12, depending on the individual's needs. 

Regular follow-up appointments and blood tests will help ensure that patients maintain optimal B12 levels and reduce the risk of deficiency-related health issues.

Strategies to Optimize Vitamin B12 Absorption After Surgery

To prevent vitamin B12 deficiency, healthcare professionals recommend several strategies for individuals who have undergone bariatric surgery:

• Vitamin B12 Supplementation: Regularly taking vitamin B12 supplements in the form of injections, sublingual tablets, pills, or nasal sprays helps maintain adequate levels. 
• Regular Blood Testing: Regular monitoring of vitamin B12 levels through blood tests allows healthcare providers to assess if supplementation is necessary and adjust the dosage accordingly.
• Dietary Changes: Consuming foods rich in vitamin B12, such as lean meats, eggs, dairy products, and fortified cereals, can help supplement the body's requirements. However, supplementation is often needed due to absorption issues.

By implementing these strategies, individuals who have undergone bariatric surgery can maintain optimal vitamin B12 levels and reduce the risk of deficiency-related complications.

Recommended Vitamin B12 Dosage

After undergoing bariatric surgery, it is essential to pay close attention to your vitamin and mineral intake to maintain optimal health. 

The recommended dosage of vitamin B12 varies depending on the type of bariatric surgery performed. For example:

• Gastric Sleeve and Gastric Bypass: 500 mcg per day is typically advised.
• LOOP or Standard Duodenal Switch: It is generally recommended to take 500 to 1,000 micrograms (mcg) of vitamin B12 daily, either in the form of oral supplements or injections.

Bariatric Multivitamins, such as Bariatric Advantage, Bariatric Fusion, and BariMelts, all contain Vitamin B12 in the proper amounts. General multivitamins typically don’t have enough B12, and require an additional supplement.